Thursday, March 27, 2014

Vintage Computer - 8008 Intel microprocessor

Intel Corporation Logo
Intel Corporation Logo
Bugbook
Bugbooks
It seems like I am always locating an interesting find in our museum warehouse. I have been spending a lot of time choosing  equipment to display in our expanded viewing area at the museum. A bag of (34) Intel 8008 chips  just said HI FRIEND to me.

                    A very short story about the 8008
The 8008 was the first 8 bit microprocessor by Intel Corporation and  introduced in April of 1972 for $120. This chip was commissioned by Computer Terminal Corporation (CTC) and was originally  labeled 1201. CTC designed the 'Datapoint 2200 Programmable Terminal' with TTL logic that  contained the logic of a tiny computer. The idea was to have the computer logic put on a single chip as a microprocessor. The engineers at CTC
Intel 8008 Microprocessor
8008 microprocessor
approached Intel and Robert Noyce agreed to produce a design for $50,000 in 1970. CTC also went to Texas Instruments as a second source.  Interestingly it is reported that Robert Noyce thought it was a dumb idea to do a single chip design for this purpose--- saying a single chip would hurt chip sales--- of course the reality was microprocessors took of like a rocket in just a few years and became the major source of income for Intel.

The 1201 chip was slow to be developed and did not work as intended. CTC gave up the intellectual rights to the 1201 and did not pay the $50,000. Intel went on to use the ideas of the 1201 to develop the 8008 microprocessor.  The 8008 is an 18 pin chip and needed several external chips to use the 14-bit address bus & control signals. It still proved that microprocessors were a real product and Intel quickly developed the 40 pin 8080 microprocessor.  The 8080 proved to be a great product and microprocessors as the heart of a microcomputers were out of the gate. Now they are invading the world as smart devices by the billions.

Some of this information is from  wikipedia Intel_8008

Today I located the 2200 Data point terminal in the Bugbook Computer Museum warehouse and will put it on display at our museum in Floyd Virginia. 4-4-14

Click on photos to enlarge 
8008 Microprocessor
8008 Microprocessor

A close look at one of the 8008 microprocessor chips in the group of 34 in the "Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Musuem" warehouse.









8008 Microprocessor
8008 Microprocessor


Here is the whole group - in the plastic holders. I have not tested these chips and hope they are all functional.








8008 manual
8008 microprocessor manual


The manual for the 8008 microprocessor development systems made by Intel Corporation.   We have both the systems as shown on the cover in our museum display.









Intel 8008 Development system
Intel 8008 development system in our museum



This is one of the first Intel 8 bit microprocessor development systems as it resides in our "Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museum"






CTC 2200
CTC 2200 
The 'Datapoint 2200 Programmable Terminal' made by  Computer Terminal Corporation (CTC). We have several of these in the museum warehouse and will put one on display in the new expanded museum. This programmable data terminal was the start of the 8008 microprocessor development.
Today I located the 2200 Data point terminal in the Bugbook Computer Museum warehouse and will put it on display at our museum in Floyd Virginia. 4-4-14





Here is the 2200 Data Point terminal  pulled off the shelf in the warehouse and still in the museum wrap. This is inventory number 92A so it was very early addition to the our warehouse.  I set it on top of an ASR 33 teletype for the photo and will get it out an get better photo when moved to our Computer Museum in Floyd Virginia.




MARK 8 microcomputer
MARK 8 microcomputer 

The Mark 8 by John Titus.  John was not the first to use the 8008 microprocessor in a computer however he was the first to build and publish a construction article on how to build your very own computer. This was published in Radio Electronics in June 1974. The computer in this photo is the one he build for the article and is on display at the Smithsonian. More info here "CLICK"



Way back in the 70/80's I worked with John Titus in a small group of 4 called "The Blacksburg Group". This article which was the last column John wrote for "Direct Design" before he retired. He mentions that early work together in a very complementary way. Sure makes me pleased John was helped by our relationship.


David G Larsen
I am always amazed when I visit our museum what  45 years of collecting and saving microcomputers for historical purposes has become for me. We have the inventory on a professional museum database "Past Perfect" and there are over 10,000 entries -- of course only a small part of this number are computers however it is still a hard for me to wrap my mind around all these items. Some day we will have a really complete microcomputer historical museum - here in the little Blue Ridge mountain community of Floyd Virginia. If you would like to know a bit more about Floyd take a look at this very good video that was just published about Floyd Virginia.







Wednesday, March 26, 2014

Vintage Computer -Computer workshops in old Soviet Union

Bugbook
Bugbooks
My wife and I have had many great travel experiences during the past 40 years and perhaps a few first. Our first trip to the Soviet Union in 1990 was justified to the Soviets as a visit to teach about using microcomputers for automated data collection. This workshop was in Lviv Ukraine in October. We had about 20 engineers and scientist participants in the class. They were very enthusiastic & this information was only available to a very restricted group. Most of the participants did not speak English and  I could not lecture in Russian. Victor Goncharsky UR5WE did the translation for me.  We have made 15 or so visits to the Former Soviet Countries and I have learned speak Russian.

Click on photo to enlarge 
teaching microcomputers 1990
Teaching in Ukraine 1990
Here we are in Lviv, Ukraine October 1990 teaching our first Soviet Instrumentation Workshop. Great experience. I had brought several suitcases full of  hardware to interface the computers with external devices -  The folks that organized the workshop had made arrangements to have 10 IBM compatible PC computers in the class. They worked just fine and the DOS software worked good also.  - the computers were good Soviet pirated IBM clones.  We did about 10 workshops during the early 90's in the Soviet Union and later known as the independent countries of the Former Soviet Union. Here is the full story about this visit "CLICK" A bonus from these visits are some home built Soviet computers in our museum.

This was exciting for us and the Continuing Education group at Virginia Tech (VT)  made available 'Continuing Education Units' (CEU's) . This  may be the first ever (CEU's) issued in the Soviet Union. I was a faculty member at VT from 1967 to 1998 teaching Instrumentation and Automation in the Chemistry Department. Some of the university administrators including the Dr. Jim McCommas the University president were very supportive of our work in the Soviet Union.  I was recognized for this kind of International work just before retiring from VT.  

                    Here is the CEU certificate for our Workshop participants in the Soviet Union.


CEU in Soviet Union
CEU certificate issued in Soviet Union
Click on document to enlarge 

We had been teaching these kind of workshops for many years before the Soviet Union visit in 1990.
Computer automation workshop
Typical Automation Workshop by me and colleagues 


Here is a poster from my regular classes at Virginia Tech.
Electronics for Scientist at Virginia Tech
Electronics for Scientist at Virginia Tech


David & Gaynell Larsen
David & Gaynell Larsen
My wife Gaynell and I have had some really great adventures in foreign travel  teaching and doing amateur radio work.  On many visits we took addition people to assist these adventures. In 1992 I had some funds to take a professional film producer - here is some of his work " FAIRS in the former Soviet Union"   .  We have made dozens - maybe even more than 100 trips- during the past 40 years.  A few years  we did 4 international  workshops and mission visits -- We still do at least one a year. Our last was just one month ago - here is info about this fun mission visit to Dominica. We still have a some travel energy but it does seem we are getting older another 25 years or so will be just right.


Thursday, March 20, 2014

Vintage Computer - Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museum expands in new location

Bugbook
Bugbooks
The "Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museum" has moved to a much larger and better location in Floyd Virginia. This gives David Larsen and the LCF Group a much better opportunity to display the most important computers and memorabilia from the 45 year effort to collect and save this historical equipment and information. David has been working long hours everyday the past two weeks setting up the new displays. Many folks have been helping and making this move happen at lighting speed.  The building owner has been great to work with and are glad to have our museum in the most prominent location in the whole town of Floyd Virginia.

Click on photo to enlarge
museum sign
Museum sign on front of building



Our Sign on the outside of building







Computer Museum display
Computer Museum display



Story board welcome to the Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museum






David Larsen
David Larsen in Museum




Curator David Larsen KK4WW working on displays






front of museum
front of museum


Front part of museum - The red walls and floor
are very Floyd looking. I like it .








Bugbook Computer Museum
Bugbook Computer Museum




back part of museum







Calculator Display
Calculator Display



Front corner - case with about 100 calculators in the background







Bugbook Museum
Bugbook Museum



Mr. Ed mounting wall displays








Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museum
Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museum


Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museu
Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museum




Our sign outside the entrance











Looking out the front door into parking lot and street.








Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museum



Looking at building from the street - we have a nice parking lot just in front of museum.






Ham antenna
N4USA amateur radio antenna



 Antenna for our amateur radio station N4USA in the museum






David Larsen Museum Curator
David Larsen Museum Curator



 David at Amateur radio display info







David Larsen at N4USA
David Larsen at N4USA


 David KK4WW at amateur radio station N4USA








David G Larsen
It has been a lot of fun and brings back memories from 50 years ago moving these computers and displays to the new area.
The museum and blog have given me the opportunity to hear from old friends and people who have used our books and teaching equipment from the 70s & 80s. Tonight I had a call from Maurice Green in Silicon Valley.  I lived in that area 51 years ago - wow that seems like times past. Maurice used our Bugbooks and Outboards in teaching digital electronics in the 80's and is still using them and teaching young folks about the basics of digital logic. He tells me they really enjoy this and he will report in the form of a blog to publish here on our site. I am looking forward to that information,

Thursday, March 13, 2014

Kevin Stumpf - his computer museum in waterloo

Bugbook
Bugbooks
Kevin -  I really enjoyed reading all the information and looking at the links.  It is sad for me that you had to give up the collection and museum idea.  I do fully understand that you gave it your best try and I can't even imagine the amount of time and work you put into this project.   

Thank you once again for your great work over the years working with historical computers and events.  Dave at the "Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museum".

Kevin Stumpf tell us about his commitment to collect and preserve mainframes and mini computers for 17 years- This is a great story and you will enjoy his adventure.

Dave has collected computers much, much longer than I in fact I no longer collect nor do I have a collection any more, but between 1984 and 2001 I either found or was given, and then trucked and stored around 60 tons of computers, spares, supplies, accessories, and documentation. A brief list with links to photos of them is below.
I grew up with the “big boys” and so even though I found all sorts of either discreet-logic or micro-based desktops and portables, I very much enjoyed mainframes and minis if for no other reason than “real computers have control panels.” Besides, they gave me an excuse to drive big trucks too.
During this time there was a sense of urgency. Many collectors, myself included, believed that mainframes and minis and rare (read: unpopular or unsuccessful in the marketplace) micros were being scrapped at an alarming rate so it was up to us to ensure these artifacts would be around for future generations to study and enjoy. Now I believe we were a little over-enthusiastic. You probably won’t find as many ModComp’s as PDP-8’s, but many, many gems are still out there. Perhaps my sense of urgency is off kilter again, but I am sure there is still an IBM System/370 Model 165 with my name on it out there somewhere
IBM370

During the hay day some American collectors made odd comments about me due to my escapades up here in Ontario, Canada*. There was a rumour that I must be well-off to afford the expenses that were bound to accrue when handling such large items. Nothing could be farther from the truth. It was a labour of love and I had the backing of my family so sacrifices were willingly endured, but I rarely ever paid for these systems. That is because I was providing a service by removing the systems in exchange for them. The owners either had to pay someone or let this odd fellow (me) do it for free – we’d de-install, remove false flooring, cabling, docs, tapes, disk packs, furniture, everything!
Even though money wasn’t needed to buy anything, there were always expenses and then storage costs. eBay came to the rescue! There was always something extra or something that no longer “fit” the collection so it was sold to other collectors. Then towards the end of my collecting years I wrote A Guide to Collecting Computers and Computer Collectibles: History, Technique, and Practice (http://kevinstumpf.com/A_Guide_1998.htm ) and sold just enough copies each month to pay the rent.
Another silly comment I heard was something along the lines that “it was good that Canada still used so many old systems.” Give me a break. While such a comment is technically inaccurate it seems to be, at the very least, statistically impossible. If the market in the USofA is 10 times larger than that of Canada there should still be a slew of old mainframes below the 49th still ticking away or being cloistered until written off; many more than the Canadian market could support. Remember that /165 with my name on it? It will pop up in the USofA, not Canada.
While none of my acquisitions were easy to find, I would say I was blessed with resourcefulness. Instinctively the search for mainframes started with leasing companies who then introduced me to precious metal re-claimers**. The idea was that since leasing companies were responsible to dispose of the hardware when leases expired, they were a natural source to find out what would be available and when. While continuing to work with those sources I also held monthly chats with third party maintenance companies because the mainframes I was after were no longer supported by the manufacturers. Just imagine…perhaps the size of the collection would have been 200 tons instead of 60 if I had lived in southern California instead of an hour west of Toronto, eh. Just joking.
It distressed me to no end seeing dust accumulate on the collection. There it sat tucked away in a “ware”house. There had to be a reason for me gathering and preserving all this stuff. That’s when the idea for the Commercial Computing Museum – COMMPUTERSEUM – popped up. If you are interested in that part of this saga please visit (http://kevinstumpf.com/Account_of_COMMPUTERSEUM.htm ). The point I hope to make here now is that collections, I believe, should be active, not passive. It is incumbent upon collectors to try to put their collections to good use. There are activities you can do on your own. What I mean is that you can use your collection to educate and inform without working with or through clubs or volunteer-run museums. Indeed VCFs, open houses like those run by MARCH, and tours offered by the good folks at RICM, Bug Book Microcomputer Museum, and the Personal Computing Museum are good in themselves, but they are not the only venue from which you can help others enjoy vintage computing technology.
My collection has been used to fill retail windows in downtown stores or fill empty storefronts in malls. You are hard-pressed to find a shop or mall owner who doesn’t need and want help dressing vacant windows and storefronts. Another venue is schools. We took a DG Nova to high school electronics classes and called the class the School of Retrocomputing. We once collaborated with another local collector and ran a fund raiser for a downtown shelter by tidying the “ware”house and opening the doors to the public. It was rewarding to see how surprised and pleased each person was. Young and old saw things they would otherwise never see let alone be that close to.
Why not use your collection as props? You can also use your collection as the theme or backdrop to performance art, social comment vignettes (http://kevinstumpf.com/BatteryBasedLifestyle.htm ). The collection was also used as a “draw” at tradeshows. Organizers of local, regional, and national tradeshows gave us “guest booths”. Amidst all such serious endeavours don’t forget the goofy uses like computer arts and crafts (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RhfFN0W6hjE&feature=youtu.be ).
One of the coolest stories I “collected” involved a sculpture and the control panel from an IBM System/360 Model 65. I once tried to sell the control panel from a /65 on eBay. A professor from a local university was combing eBay looking for such an artifact so he called to ask if he could come over to, essentially, make a blueprint of the panel because he is also a sculptor and he wanted to make a metal sculpture of the panel. How cool is that? He also mentioned he hoped to also make one of the /40 panel so I was able to introduce him to the fellow who had purchased my /40 panel. The final results can be seen hanging in an exhibit travelling around the world (http://cgdy.com/?page_id=5&id_slideshow=29). Who knew.
Dave thank you for this opportunity. Peace everyone.
Kevin Stumpf
kevin@kevinstumpf.com
*Kitchener, Ontario to be precise. Kitchener is a twin city to Waterloo. Waterloo is the hometown of RIM, now called Blackberry. To learn more about my hometown please watch a presentation called A grassRoots History of the Early Hi-Tech Community in KW that was recorded at the Personal Computer Museum (http://kevinstumpf.com/grassRoots_intro.htm ). The Blackberry was created in KW for a reason. I wager that at one time in the late 1960’s Kitchener-Waterloo had the highest Instructions/Second/Capita in the world!
**I was always impressed by how well these fellows knew their mainframe model numbers
Partial list of machines that were in the collection…
A complete:
Most of an:
  • Amdahl 580 (5885 dual processor – the I/O controller “wings” were 2.5m/8’ long and weighed http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lMIvmdLD5qg)
    Amdahl Logo
    Amdahl Logo
    998Kg /2200lb) (
  • IBM 4381 CPU (the tallest cabinet IBM ever made)
  • Burroughs B-80
  • DEC PDP-9
  • IBM System/38
  • IBM System/34 (which I grudgingly took because, you guessed it: no control panel!)

Univac Computer
Univac Computer
And control panels and consoles from all sorts of mainframes that I could have had, but at the time turned down (my bad), such as: Honeywell DPS-8, Honeywell Datanet-30, IBM 3705, Xerox Data Systems XDS-9, and UNIVAC 1108 and 418III. The console from the Confederation Life IBM 705, and also control panels that had already been stripped from the likes of an IBM System/360 Models 25, 30, 40, 65, and the beautiful 75, plus System/370 Models 148, 165, and 168, and then small ones from peripherals and minis. Also ADP equipment such as IBM card sorters and all sorts of keypunches. Additionally we had supporting material such as the complete library of the Auerbach Computer Reports (publisher’s copy). Plus machines like the venerable Xerox Star, portables such as the IBM 5100 and DG/One, a smattering of early handhelds like a Workslate, strange boxes like Keronix and Hyperion, a mandatory Altair, early micros, and things called Macs  By Kevin Stumpf

David G Larsen
David G Larsen
Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museum
A start on the move to new location
We have been in our new location in the front of the Village Green in Floyd Virginia for about 5 days now and the displays are starting to look good.  A few more days and we will be set up with the old and then bringing in more vintage computers.  It is a lot of work but fun.

"by David Larsen"  KK4WW Computer Collector Historian   
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Sunday, March 9, 2014

Vintage Computer -MITS Altair 8800 restored by Josh Bensadon





Popular Electronics,January 1975
Popular Electronics,January 1975
Bugbook
Bugbooks
Another ALTAIR 8800 is working once again.  This system was bought from David Larsen in August of 2013.  When I first saw it, immediately, my curiosity and imagination began to ponder what kind of service did this machine provide.  Some of the labels were worn out, so that speaks of a lot of switch use.  However, the switches themselves did not look worse for wear, so I'm guessing this system was used by one person that was careful to not damage switches over time.  Normally, the display LED's and Switches are grouped in sets of 3 to facilitate the octal numbering system.  This numbering system fits well with the 8080 instruction set and was used in many of the mini computers that came before the ALTAIR.  Interestingly enough, this system had the Switches and LED's grouped in sets of 4 for the hexadecimal system.  This might have been done because the CPU card that came with it was a Z80 CPU, but I am just guessing here.

Of course, the system was not operational when it got on my bench.  This is a good thing, since it meant I would have to open it up and learn more about it.  Before I go any further, the one thing I found to be very odd about the ALTAIR is the direction of the Power Switch.  Down is ON?  That was a very European thing, but I don't know a whole lot about Ed Roberts history.The problems were found quickly and without getting into trouble shooting, I'll just say the Bridge Rectifier had a bad connection and the 7430 chip that put the CPU into wait state was not working.  About 12 months earlier, I fixed up an IMSAI 8080 system which
IMSAI 8080
IMSAI 8080
was told to be a copy of the ALTAIR BUS, but what I didn't realize was how much of a copy it really was.  While studying the schematics to trouble shoot, I could see the IMSAI front panel design as practically a chip for chip copy.  The ALTAIR 8800 was brought out to market as a construction article in Popular Electronics, Jan 1975.  This article was driven as a response to the competition's magazine (Radio Electronics) article to build the MARK-8, which came out 6 months earlier in July 1974.  But what made this computer more significant was how others like the IMSAI 8080 copied it.  They say imitation is the sincerest form of flattery.  By copying it, they claimed the bus structure was a standard that everyone could build to, and people did.  I recall reading PE and RE magazines and everyone was either operating an S-100 bus or they provided a module to interface to it.  Well, I must bring this blurb to a close, but before I do, I would like to say as a Popular and Radio Electronics collector and enthusiast, this now working ALTAIR 8800 is the center piece of my collection.  Thank you David.

Regards,
Josh Bensadon

Josh Bensadon his "MITS 680"  "IMSAI 8080"
Josh Bensadon his MITS 8800,680  & IMSAI 8080 
















David G Larsen
David G Larsen
 I am delighted to see Josh has this MITS Altair microcomputer operational again. It had been in the Bugbook Historical Microcomputer Museum warehouse for at least 25 years.

"by David Larsen"  KK4WW Computer Collector Historian   
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Sunday, March 2, 2014

Vintage Computer - Jade Computer Products 1982 Memory Module - and Moore's Law


Bugbook
Bugbooks
WOW!! I never know what I will find in the "Bugbook Computer Musuem" warehouse.  I found a 1982 bill of sale -- see it below --  from "Jade Computer Products" in a box of Styrofoam peanuts used as packing material.   I was packing a computer for shipment from our museum collection and found the this old receipt in shipping material saved from years ago.

Looking at the price of the 32kb memory module from 1982 is very interesting --- It would take 516,000 of these boards to have the 16GB of memory on the USB drive I am using.

David talks about his computer collecting and how he found the piece used in this blog.

Moore's law predicts that the density of  integrated circuits will double about every 2 years. Gordon Moore made this prediction in 1965. The prediction has proven to be so good that it is used in long term planning by in the semiconductor industry to guide long-term planning and to set targets for research and development.

Look below the Jade Computer Products invoice for more interesting and fun calculations.

              "Click" on image  to enlarge for easy reading


The following calculations are comparing the price and size of the Jade 32KB module to a current 16GB USB memory module .

516,000 Jade modules would be needed for 16GB.

$7 million dollars at $169 per  board to have 16 GB of memory. These are 1982 prices it would be much more in today's $. It would really take some deep pockets in those days for 16GB -- now it cost about $12. 

Placed end to end the 516,000 boards would be 100 miles long - the distance from Baltimore to Philadelphia.

The Jade Memory module was sold in 1982 --- one more comparison -- 
John Titus designed the MARK8 microcomputer in 1974 with 4 KB of memory 
This is 1/16 the memory of the Jade board.
These memory boards placed end to end would reach 400 miles - the 
distance from San Francisco to Los Angeles.

1977 prices for Jade Memory 


The price of Jade memory modules seem to have decreased in price by 4 from 1977 to 1982 --See 1977 Jade advertisement to the right.  Click to enlarge the image. 

You can see Moore's law at work here.  




Several Days after writing this bog I was exploring the Museum warehouse for a vintage computer to make a video.
"CLICK" to enlarge
I was looking for a vintage computer I came upon an inventoried item marked Jade Computer Products. I just had to open it and examine the contents.  Holly Cow - I found this loaded with 16 or so Jade invoices,several manuals -- and a dozen other company invoices + 2 Jade S100 cards. The invoice in the above blog is not from this box -- different computer guy.

The fellow that ordered all these Jade products was building a MITS Altair 8800 B and loading it with Jade Computer Products including this S100 buss Memory Bank Card --- almost like the one on the invoice I found in the old packing material discussed above. I do believe I have his MITS Altair 8800B in the warehouse.

Very small world as this was also purchased in 1982 like the invoice found in packing material. The warehouse is just loaded goodies. The software we use is professional museum software called "Past Perfect" and we have about 10,000 entries.  This number is smaller then the actually number of items. This box was probably inventoried showing just the 2 memory cards and a manual. This box also contains 2 sets of Radio Shack memory chips and lots of important papers.

David G Larsen
David G Larsen
 Sure fun to look at these vintage computer items. I have more than 45 years of collecting historical microcomputer memorabilia  in the museum warehouse.  I was 30 years old when I started collecting computer artifacts however I started my association with computer at Remington Rand Univac in 1957. Golly guess I must be getting older.
"by David Larsen"  KK4WW Computer Collector Historian   
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